The Unity of Science in the Arabic Tradition: Science, Logic, Epistemology and their Interactions

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Shahid Rahman, Tony Street, Hassan Tahiri
Springer Science & Business Media, 15 de jul. 2008 - 390 pàgines
the demise of the logical positivism programme. The answers given to these qu- tions have deepened the already existing gap between philosophy and the history and practice of science. While the positivists argued for a spontaneous, steady and continuous growth of scientific knowledge the post-positivists make a strong case for a fundamental discontinuity in the development of science which can only be explained by extrascientific factors. The political, social and cultural environment, the argument goes on, determine both the questions and the terms in which they should be answered. Accordingly, the sociological and historical interpretation - volves in fact two kinds of discontinuity which are closely related: the discontinuity of science as such and the discontinuity of the more inclusive political and social context of its development. More precisely it explains the discontinuity of the former by the discontinuity of the latter subordinating in effect the history of science to the wider political and social history. The underlying idea is that each historical and - cial context generates scientific and philosophical questions of its own. From this point of view the question surrounding the nature of knowledge and its development are entirely new topics typical of the twentieth-century social context reflecting both the level and the scale of the development of science.
 

Continguts

Introduction
1
Ibn Sīnās Philosophy of Mathematics 43
45
Avicenna on SelfAwareness and Knowing that One Knows
63
A Conceptual Analysis of Early Arabic Algebra
89
Avicennas Naturalized Epistemology and Scientific Method
129
The Philosophy of Mathematics
153
The Birth of Scientific Controversies The Dynamics of the Arabic
183
The JihaTroposMāddaHūlē Distinction in Arabic Logic and
229
Islamic Logic?
255
Logical Fragments in Ibn Khaldūns Muqaddimah 281
280
Avicenna on the Quantification of the Predicate with an Appendix
295
Name ism Derived Name ism mushtaqq and Description waʘf
329
in Arabic Grammar Muslim Dialectical Theology and Arabic Logic 329 C Schöck
361
Index of Names
377
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Pàgina 9 - Reduction, confining it to what is easiest and most useful in arithmetic, such as men constantly require in cases of inheritance, legacies, partition, law-suits, and trade, and in all their dealings with one another, or where the measuring of lands, the digging of canals, geometrical computation, and other objects of various sorts and kinds are concerned...

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